Observations — Phenomena Explained by PBG

This section summarises physical observations that have been derived, predicted, or structurally reinterpreted within the PBG framework. Each entry is grounded in modal coherence, anchoring structure, and the evolution of bias fields.

These results arise without force postulates, hidden matter, or tuning. Where constants are calibrated once, they hold across domains.

1. Speed of Light ($c$)

• Status: Derived
• Mechanism: Coherence propagation constraint in anchoring cost
• Reference: Appendix K - Speed of Light
• Note: Emerges from phase geometry, no tuning required

2. Gravitational Lensing (Solar)

• Status: Calibrated once (for ${\gamma }_0$)
• Mechanism: Photon follows least-decoherence path through coherence gradient
• Reference: Appendix D - Lensing, Appendix J - Casimir Pressure
• Note: Matches Einstein deflection without curvature

3. Mercury’s Orbital Precession

• Status: Reproduced
• Mechanism: Anchoring bias from coherence field with saturation falloff
• Reference: Appendix H - Particle Statistics
• Note: Predicts GR-like precession from bias-following motion

4. Galactic Rotation Curves

• Status: Predicted
• Mechanism: Structured coherence halos and shell amplification
• Reference: Appendix X - Coherence Kernel, Appendix Y - Continuum Mechanics
• Note: Explains flat curves without dark matter or modified inertia

5. Redshift–Distance Relation

• Status: Predicted
• Mechanism: Modal drift and decoherence during photon propagation
• Reference: Appendix C - Red-shift
• Note: Matches $\mathrm{\Lambda }$CDM at low $z$, diverges structurally at high $z$

6. CMB Structure

• Status: Reinterpreted
• Mechanism: Coherence shell fossil with embedded acoustic interference
• Reference: Appendix R - Modal Entropy
• Note: No relic photon field; structure reflects modal anchoring history

7. Casimir Pressure

• Status: Derived
• Mechanism: Anchoring suppression and mode exclusion between boundaries
• Reference: Appendix J - Casimir Pressure
• Note: Correct pressure emerges from coherence constraints

8. Blackbody Radiation

• Status: Reproduced
• Mechanism: Modal envelope statistics in bounded coherent cavities
• Reference: Appendix I - Strong & Weak Phenomena
• Note: Recovers Planck spectrum without quantised fields

9. Neutrino Mass

• Status: Derived
• Mechanism: Structural anchoring deficit and modal instability
• Reference: Appendix N - Neutrino Mass
• Note: No Higgs mechanism required

10. Lithium Abundance Problem

• Status: Resolved
• Mechanism: Early modal instability suppresses lithium anchoring yield
• Reference: Appendix T
• Note: Matches observed low abundance without modifying nucleosynthesis rates

11. Heat Death and Recoherence

• Status: Reinterpreted
• Mechanism: Modal turnover and the probability of coherent regrowth
• Reference: Appendix V - Maxwell Equations
• Note: Heat death is improbable—not inevitable

12. Time’s Arrow and Measurement Collapse

• Status: Derived
• Mechanism: Decoherence directionality and irreversible anchoring loss
• Reference: Appendix T, Appendix U - CMB
• Note: Explains collapse and time flow without external variables

13. Cosmic Acceleration (Dark Energy)

• Status: Reinterpreted
• Mechanism: Observed acceleration is coherence-loss drift, not metric expansion
• Reference: Appendix C - Red-shift, Appendix Q - Galaxy-Scale Lensing
• Note: No need for vacuum energy or expansion force

14. Baryogenesis (Matter Asymmetry)

• Status: Structural mechanism proposed
• Mechanism: Chiral anchoring asymmetry leads to modal population imbalance
• Reference: Appendix AD - Chiral Anchoring
• Note: No CP violation required; matter–antimatter split emerges from anchoring

Additional observations and tests are ongoing as the coherence framework continues to be applied across gravitational, quantum, thermodynamic, and cosmological systems.